Which term refers to fainting?

The term that specifically refers to fainting is "syncope." Syncope is a medical term used to describe a temporary loss of consciousness or a fainting spell that occurs due to a decrease in blood flow to the brain. It is typically characterized by a sudden onset, often accompanied by a brief period of unconsciousness, and usually resolves quickly.

In contrast, dizziness refers to a range of sensations, including feeling faint, lightheaded, or unsteady, but does not specifically mean losing consciousness. Nausea is the sensation of having an urge to vomit, and confusion indicates a state of mental disorientation, both of which are distinct from the experience of syncope. Thus, among the given options, syncope is the precise medical term for fainting.